Spinning Rods
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what is the difference between surf spinning and surf casting rods? and what type of reel is used with each?
what are bait-casting reels used with? are they used with the surf spinning or with the surf casting rods?
You can surf fish with any type of tackle -- spinning, conventional, baitcasting, or even fly tackle. But in general, surf fishermen like very long rods (9-12 feet long) to help with making longer casts, and larger, high-capacity reels. There are surf rods made for both spinning and conventional reels. I think "surf casting" is just another term for surf fishing, though I can imagine it might be used to differentiate a rod made for use with a conventional reel from one made for a spinning reel.
Spinning rods are made with a large first guide, and designed to be used with the guides underneath. Rods for revolving-spool reels (baitcasting and conventional) are made with more and smaller guides, and are designed to be used with the guides on top. You can put a revolving spool reel on a spinning rod and it'll work okay, but the small guides on a conventional rod will cut the distance you can cast if you put a spinning reel on it. The trigger grip on baitcasting rods make it very uncomfortable (to say the least) to use a spinning reel on it.